The map shows areas of Portuguese and Spanish exploration, the two nations claims under the Treaty of Tordesillas, and a variety of flora, fauna, figures, and structures. The Economic Causes of European Maritime Exploration Various economic factors led some European monarchs, royal families, and states to support early maritime explorations financially. How Portugal became the first global sea power - CBS News Vasco de Gamas exploits successfully established a spice trade between Europe and India. The Portuguese had the best and most up-to-date navigational tools as well. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Negative and Positive Impact of Portuguese Exploration by Seb. When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. The Hapsburg dynasty, which ruled a collection of territories including Austria, the Netherlands, Naples, Sicily, and Spain, encouraged and financed the work of painters, sculptors, musicians, architects, and writers, resulting in a blooming of Spanish Renaissance culture. Spanish Exploration Birth of the USA American Constitution American Independence War Causes of the American Revolution Democratic Republican Party General Thomas Gage biography Intolerable Acts Loyalists Powers of the President Quebec Act Seven Years' War Stamp Act Tea Party Cold War Battle of Dien Bien Phu Brezhnev Doctrine Brezhnev Era The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on. The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. The Spanish then murdered hundreds of high-ranking Mexica during a festival to celebrate Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Gallery. He then sailed to an island he named Hispaniola (present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti) ([link]). The Spanish explorers were in search of mineral wealth, looking for El Dorado (the City of Gold) and they aspired to spread Christianity. On October 12, 1492, however, he made landfall on an island in the Bahamas. C. Africans sold spices to Portugal and Spain. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. There are many spices and vast mines of gold and other metals in this island. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. This 1502 map, known as the Cantino World Map, depicts the cartographers interpretation of the world in light of recent discoveries. Spanish & Portuguese Exploration of the New World & Asia | Motives 247 lessons (1521) Pizarro took land from the Incas in what is today Peru. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. In this context, evaluating mercury contamination in coastal sediments and mercury magnification in marine food webs is crucial for . They traded up the Zambezi river and interfered with the existing inland African trade. As Western Europe transitioned from the regional divides of the middle ages to stronger centralized countries, kings and queens looked for ways of expanding their spheres of influence and world outlooks. Test and improve your knowledge of The Age of Discovery & Exploration with fun multiple choice exams you can take online with Study.com. Portugal's wealth increased due to its control of the spice trade with India. The money flowed freely, but they still hoped to find a way to the East. flashcard sets. Columbus also discovered tobacco seeds and brought the seeds back to Europe. Vasco Nez de Balboa traveled across Panama in 1513 and saw the Pacific Ocean for the first time. Portuguese traders soon began to settle around the fort and established the town of Elmina. Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. Such endeavors were accomplished by the conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who subdued the Aztec and Incan Empires in 1521 and 1533. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? The Spanish looked south in the 1530s and 1540s. 27 chapters | Impact of the Age of Exploration - StudyMode Westward Expansion, 1840-1900, Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900, The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900, Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920, Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914, The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929, Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Hogwarts Legacy is a third-person action-adventure game with some minor RPG and exploration folded into the mix. Spanish . Dutch & Spanish Dominance in South & Southeast Asia, The Italian Wars and Weakening of Papal Authority, Protestant Reformation on Germany | History, Effects & Impacts. A major result of the European Age of Exploration was. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Missionaries such as Toribio Motolinia and Bartolome de Las Casas brought Catholicism and advocated for the natives, though they fought an uphill battle. Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. Among those who read Vespuccis reports was the German mapmaker Martin Waldseemuller. They were looking for something new and different, and they were ready to push beyond Europe to find it. Treaty of Tordesillas - National Geographic Society The Spanish and Portuguese developed a particular type of ship to trade in the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic. Columbuss 1493 letteror probanza de mrito (proof of merit)describing his discovery of a New World did much to inspire excitement in Europe. The Spanish were also the first in the New World. Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Radical Reformation Origins & Beliefs | Anabaptists & Antitrinitarians. In the 15th century the Portuguese started exploring new lands. Portugal protested that the line gave excessively to Spain. The Spaniards were not far behind the Portuguese in their exploration and empire building. So basically it helped explorers reach their destination. Spices, fabrics, and other luxuries flowed into Portugal and out to other European countries, and the Portuguese treasury swelled. In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power. The global flow of silver from the mid-sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century caused social and economic issues by creating social impact in China, changing the economic purpose for trading, and the overall exchange between the Chinese and European nations. He believed that, using calculations based on other mariners journeys, he could chart a westward route to India, which could be used to expand European trade and spread Christianity. The magnetic compass was a compass that had a magnetized needle supporting a magnetic card. However, the reality is far more complex. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. These countries, therefore, represent two distinct, but key goals of New World exploration that became the basic pattern for the history of the Atlantic World. Essay Sample. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. Indeed, the Spanish created an empire across two continents, and the world would never be the same. Huguenots Overview, History & Beliefs | Who were the Huguenots? PDF The Age of Exploration - Urbandale Community School District Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". In the BFA programs, students receive practical training through the progression of hands-on projects that increase in complexity. The realization that the Amerindians in New Spain had large quantities of gold made mining the primary aim of many who came to the New World. The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. Finally, Vasco de Gama arrived in India and came back with a nice, profitable load of spices in 1499. Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492-1700 on JSTOR However, they also brought disease and existing conflicts between European nations. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. 2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - OpenStax With his support, Portuguese mariners successfully navigated an eastward route to Africa, establishing a foothold there that became a foundation of their nations trade empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Settlements sprang up at St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565, and in New Mexico in 1609. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugals explorers changed Europeans understanding of the world in several ways. The Portuguese were very pleased by this achievement, and they soon dominated the East Indies trade. a long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of western Europe. Spains most famous explorer, Christopher Columbus, was actually from Genoa, Italy. Such problems only created possibilities for new solutions as European colonies and trade cropped up around the world. Compare And Contrast The Social And Economic Effects Of | Bartleby When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. Want to create or adapt books like this? Portugal explored because they needed spices and jewels and they wanted to conquer lands. The time was ripe to explore, discover, and expand. The story of North American exploration spans an entire millennium and involves a wide array of European powers and uniquely American characters. What are the effects of Spain exploration? Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. The Library of Congress. The voyages of Columbus. Fighting on horseback gave the Spanish explorers an advantage over the Native American populations, who fought on foot. SE. He understood why the exploration and hunt of the surrounding was done by the Domain . conquered Aztecs, killed emperor, collected gold Ferdinand Magellan D. Africans attended Prince Henry's navigation school It also marks an increased adoption of colonialism as a government policy in several European states. Vasco de Balboa 1513- goal was to find gold and a new sea. They also found a sea route to India. The Carrack or Nao (meaning ship) was developed as a fusion between Mediterranean and Northern European-style ships. Vasco Nez de Balboa marched through Panama to the Pacific ocean; Hernando Corts conquered Mexico; Francisco Pizarro subdued Peru; and Francisco Vsquez de Coronado moved north. The Great Depression, 1929-1932, Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941, Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945, Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960, Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980, The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. 3 What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? [3] Causes and Effects of Spanish Exploration and Colonization Spain played a critical part in the exploration and colonization of the Americas. What was the impact of Vasco de Gamas exploration? Location of the Strait of Magellan. By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. Malintzin remains a controversial figure in the history of the Atlantic World; some people view her as a traitor because she helped Corts conquer the Aztecs, while others see her as a victim of European expansion. 101 Independence Ave. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? While the Portuguese didnt rule over an immense landmass, their strategic holdings of islands and coastal ports gave them almost unrivaled control of nautical trade routes and a global empire of trading posts during the 1400s. In short, the actions of the Portuguese and Spanish established a permanent European presence in the New World and set the stage for future conflict and historical movements. To those ends, Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored extensive Atlantic exploration. No products in the cart. An exchange of ideas, fueled and financed in part by New World commodities, began to connect European nations and, in turn, to touch the parts of the world that Europeans conquered. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. In the 15th century, Spanish ships travelled all around the World carrying plants, animals, people, and goods. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. YouTube Videos for Young Children: An Exploratory Study Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. All those he petitionedincluding Ferdinand and Isabella at firstrebuffed him; their nautical experts all concurred that Columbuss estimates of the width of the Atlantic Ocean were far too low. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? This was especially true under the ecomienda system, whereby the Spanish built plantations for mining and farming and managed by Amerindian labor. Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. The travels of Portuguese traders to western Africa introduced them to the African slave trade, already brisk among African states. Nearly everybody remembers that 'In fourteen hundred ninety-two Columbus sailed the ocean blue,' and indeed, Christopher Columbus, sponsored by Spain, did make his first voyage in 1492 and bumped into a completely new continent on his way to the Far East. Ottoman Turks controlled much of the land routes to the East, and they initially charged exorbitant taxes for traders to get through. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. Although Europeans continued to trade with the east, especially the seagoing Venetians, the venture was expensive and unsanctioned by the Catholic Church, which forbade Christian trade with Muslim empires. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Under the leadership of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal took the principal role during most of the fifteenth century in searching for a route to Asia by sailing south around Africa. Translated to conqueror, conquistadors were a class of men who especially partook in the age of exploration and discovery by leading expeditions to the New World with the understanding that conquest would gain them wealth and power with their monarchs. The local Amerindian population were enslaved by the Spanish, and forced to work. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Spanish Exploration: Summary, Reasons & Effects | StudySmarter They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. with an exploratory and descriptive study with a sample of five YouTube channels in Spanish and Portuguese aimed at early . Module 4 Flashcards | Quizlet He and his followers explored what is now Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Texas. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. This button displays the currently selected search type. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Probanzas de mritos featured glowing descriptions of lands of plenty. Originally built by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century, it appears in this image as it was in the 1660s, after being seized by Dutch slave traders in 1637. In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. The dungeon of the fort now served as a holding pen for African slaves from the interior of the continent, while on the upper floors Portuguese traders ate, slept, and prayed in a chapel. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Spain and Portugal were neighboring kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula and fierce competitors exploring the African coastline. Vespuccis widely published accounts of his voyages fueled speculation and intense interest in the New World among Europeans. By Since the 700s, much of Spain had been under Islamic rule, and King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I, arch-defenders of the Catholic Church against Islam, were determined to defeat the Muslims in Granada, the last Islamic stronghold in Spain. They also looked west, settling in Brazil. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? The natives quickly became the bulk of the workforce and were horribly abused despite Isabel's orders to the contrary. Note the various fanciful elements, such as the large-scale ships and sea creatures, and consider what the creator of this map hoped to convey. . Seeking to ensure that Columbuss finds would remain Spanish, Spains monarchs turned to the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI, who issued two papal decrees in 1493 that gave legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims at the expense of Portugal. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. This compass showed from four to eight directions. Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. Without her, Corts would not have been able to communicate, and without the language bridge, he surely would have been less successful in destabilizing the Aztec Empire. He might have gotten all the way to India if his crew hadn't mutinied. Spains acquisitiveness seemingly knew no bounds as groups of its explorers searched for the next trove of instant riches. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Prince Henry the Navigator - Facts, Timeline & Significance - Biography In 1493, Columbus sent two copies of a probanza de mrito to the Spanish king and queen and their minister of finance, Luis de Santngel. He received help from the neighboring cities terrorized by the Aztec empire, who periodically collected people from them to offer sacrifices to their gods in many elaborate rituals, outstripping nearby empires in their zeal. He believed the earth to be much smaller than its actual size and, since he did not know of the existence of the Americas, he fully expected to land in Asia. Above all else, the Aztec wealth in gold fascinated the Spanish adventurers. A. Africans found a sea route around the world. It is after the Reconquista, that the Europeans start to expand and explore the new world for new trade routes to the riches, i.e. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Amy has MA degrees in History, English, and Theology. Exploration of North America - HISTORY The bullwhip effect is a term used in supply chain management to describe how minor changes in consumer demand at the retail level can cause significant demand fluctuations upstream toward raw material suppliers. The Portuguese built an empire from 1420 onwards that was largely composed of trade centres dotted around the coasts of three continents. Columbus set sail with three small ships and a crew of eighty . The spread of Christianity to native populations. This two-volume book (1605 and 1618) told a colorful tale of an hidalgo (gentleman) who reads so many tales of chivalry and knighthood that he becomes unable to tell reality from fiction. Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. Posted on . The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! The Spanish also brought the disease smallpox. They also found a sea route to India. They have no iron, nor steel, nor weapons, nor are they fit for them, because although they are well-made men of commanding stature, they appear extraordinarily timid. While they are filled with distortions and fabrications, probanzas de mritos are still useful in illustrating the expectation of wealth among the explorers as well as their view that native peoples would not pose a serious obstacle to colonization. His patronage allowed some of the most important Portuguese expeditions to take place. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? A desire for Asian spices and other Asian goods: European maritime expansion began with the goal of establishing new trade routes to African and Asian markets to buy ivory, pepper, cotton, and Believing he had landed in the East Indies, Columbus called the native Tanos he found there Indios, giving rise to the term Indian for any native people of the New World. He participated in successful expeditions in Panama before following rumors of Inca wealth to the south. Bachelor of Fine Arts | BFA Degrees | NYFA AP European History: The Age of Expansion, The Market Economy in 17th Century Europe, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, The Age of Discovery and the Conquistadors, AP European History: Overview of the Renaissance, AP European History: Renaissance Philosophy, Art & Literature, AP European History: Reformation Roots & Teachings, AP European History: The Reformation's Effects Across Europe, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Portuguese and Spanish Empires: Growth in the New World & Asia, The Columbian Exchange, Global Trade & Mercantilism, Triangular Trade: Route, System & Role in Slavery, The Commercial Revolution: Economic Impact of Exploration and Colonization on Europe, Spreading Religion in the Age of Exploration, AP European History: The Rise of Monarchical Nation States, AP European History: English History (1450-1700), AP European History: The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, AP European History: The French Revolution, AP European History: The Napoleonic Empire, AP European History: 19th Century Revolutionary Movements, AP European History: The First Industrial Revolution, AP European History: Unifications of Nation States in the 19th Century, AP European History: Russia After World War I, AP European History: Integration: Europe after the Soviet Union, Developing and Writing Your AP Exam Essay, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, AP European History: Homework Help Resource, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Tutoring Solution, Roman God Pluto of the Underworld: Facts & Overview, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Mystical Theology, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Recognize the exploration of the Portuguese and Spanish Empires, Identify the African and Brazilian expansion by Portugal, Describe the Spanish conquerors and conquest of South and Central America. The 1492 Columbus landfall accelerated the rivalry between Spain and Portugal, and the two powers vied for domination through the acquisition of new lands.
1926 Wheat Penny Worth $3,000,
Hercules Candy Max Andrianos,
Question Grand Oral Ressources Humaines,
Daughters Of Narcissistic Fathers And Romantic Relationships,
Articles W